The flag of San Marino (Italian: Bandiera di San Marino) consists of two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the country's coat of arms in the center. The blue color represents the sky and the sea, signifying freedom, while the white color symbolizes peace and the reverence for liberty. The coat of arms, situated in the center of the flag, portrays three defensive towers overlooking Mount Titano, representing the historic fortresses of San Marino and its rugged terrain. The presence of the oak and laurel branches tied with a ribbon at the base of the coat of arms symbolizes the civic and military virtues of the nation. Overall, the flag embodies the values of independence, freedom, and the long-standing heritage of the Republic of San Marino.
| Proportion: | 3:4 |
|---|---|
| Adopted: | 19th century, July 22, 2011 (standardized) |
| Flag image: | Animated GIF (25 frames looped) |
| Flag emoji code: | 🇸🇲 |
The coat of arms of San Marino is characterized by a blue shield featuring three green mountains, each crowned with a silver tower adorned with a weather vane in the form of a silver ostrich feather. The three towers symbolize the three historic citadels of San Marino (La Guaita, La Cesta, and La Montale), while the mountains represent the three peaks of Mount Titano. The Latin motto "LIBERTAS" encapsulates the nation's commitment to freedom, possibly reflecting the country's historical refuge for victims of political persecution and its ability to maintain independence despite external pressures. Surrounding the shield, the oak and laurel branches symbolize the stability of the republic and its dedication to safeguarding liberty. At the pinnacle of the coat of arms is a crown, serving as a symbol of sovereignty. Collectively, these elements embody the spirit of independence, resilience, and the enduring legacy of the Republic of San Marino.
San Marino, officially known as the Republic of San Marino, is a microstate located on the Italian Peninsula, surrounded by Italy. Its capital is San Marino, and its population is about 34,010 (2021).
| Capital: | San Marino |
|---|---|
| Other major cities: | Serravalle, Borgo Maggiore |
| Official language: | Italian |
| Region: | Southern Europe |
| Ethnic groups: | Sammarinese, Italian |
| Religions: | 97% Catholic Church, 3% Other |
| Nationality name: | Sammarinese |
| Area: | 61.2 km² (23.6 sq mi) |
| Population: | 34,010 (2021) |
| Country codes: | SM, SMR (ISO 3166) |
| Internet Top-Level Domain: | .sm |
| Calling code: | +378 |
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