The flag of Turkey (Turkish: Türk Bayrağı), known as the "Ay Yıldız" or "Star and Crescent," is a striking design featuring a red background with a white star and crescent moon. The red color symbolizes valor, sacrifice, and the bloodshed by those who fought for Turkish independence and freedom. It also represents the blood and courage of those who sacrificed their lives for the sake of the country. The white star and crescent are ancient Turkic symbols and are often associated with Islam. The star typically has five points, representing the five pillars of Islam, while the crescent moon is a traditional symbol of the Ottoman Empire, which preceded Turkey. Together, the flag's design and symbolism reflect Turkey's historical heritage, its Islamic identity, and its commitment to the principles of independence and freedom.
| Proportion: | 2:3 |
|---|---|
| Adopted: | 1844 (Ottoman flag), May 29, 1936 (standardized) |
| Flag image: | Animated GIF (25 frames looped) |
| Flag emoji code: | 🇹🇷 |
In addition, the flag used by the President includes 16 stars, which are thought to symbolize the 16 great Turkish states established throughout history, and a sun, symbolizing eternity. It emphasizes Turkey's historical and cultural ties to the broader Turkic world. This flag reflects the president's role as a symbol of unity and leadership for the Turkish nation and the broader Turkic community, highlighting the country's historical and cultural heritage.
Turkey, officially known as the Republic of Turkey, is a transcontinental country in Eurasia. Its capital is Ankara, and its population is about 85.04 million (2021). According to its land and sea borders, it borders with Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Iraq, North Cyprus, Russia, Syria, and Ukraine.
| Capital: | Ankara |
|---|---|
| Other major cities: | İstanbul, İzmir, Bursa |
| Official language: | Turkish |
| Region: | Western Asia |
| Ethnic groups: | 72.5% Turks, 16.7% Kurds, 3.3% Circassians, 2.6% Bosniaks, 1.3% Georgians, 1.2% Albanians, 1.1% Arabs, 1.3% Others |
| Religions: | 98% Islam, 1% Spiritual but not religious, 0.5% Turkish Jews, 0.3% Others, 0.2% Christians |
| Nationality name: | Turkish |
| Area: | 783,356 km² (302,455 sq mi) |
| Population: | 85.04 million (2021) |
| Country codes: | TR, TUR (ISO 3166) |
| Internet Top-Level Domain: | .tr |
| Calling code: | +90 |
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