The Hamburg flag (German: Flagge Hamburg) is a red flag with a state coat of arms in the center. The Hamburg coat of arms shows a white castle with three towers. There is a cross on the top of the middle tower, and there are two Marian stars on the tops of the side towers. They recall the fact that Hamburg used to be an archbishopric. The height-to-width ratio of the flag is 3:5, and the flag was adopted in 1834. Hamburg is Germany's second-largest city and one of the 16 constituent states of the country. Its population is about 1.841 million (2019), and its area is 755 km².
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